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Cosa (chi) è cryogen$17902$ - definizione
CRYOGENIC DEVICE FOR COOLING TO VERY LOW TEMPERATURES, WITH NO MOVING PARTS IN THE LOW-TEMPERATURE REGION, WHOSE COOLING POWER IS PROVIDED BY THE HEAT OF MIXING OF HELIUM-3 AND HELIUM-4
Dry dilution refrigerator; Cryogen-free dilution refrigerator; Dilution fridge
![Schematic diagram of a cryogen-free, or dry, dilution refrigerator precooled by a two-stage [[pulse tube refrigerator]], indicated by the dotted rectangle.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dilution refrigerator03.jpg?width=200 "Schematic diagram of a cryogen-free, or dry, dilution refrigerator precooled by a two-stage [[pulse tube refrigerator]], indicated by the dotted rectangle.")
![The inside of a wet [[Oxford Instruments]] helium dilution refrigerator, with the vacuum cans removed.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Helium dilution cryostat.jpg?width=200 "The inside of a wet [[Oxford Instruments]] helium dilution refrigerator, with the vacuum cans removed.")
cryogen
![This is a diagram of an infrared space telescope, that needs a cold mirror and instruments. One instrument needs to be even colder, and it has a cryocooler. The instrument is in region 1 and its cryocooler is in region 3 in a warmer region of the spacecraft (see [[MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument)]] or [[James Webb Space Telescope]]).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ISIM 3 logical region.jpg?width=200 "This is a diagram of an infrared space telescope, that needs a cold mirror and instruments. One instrument needs to be even colder, and it has a cryocooler. The instrument is in region 1 and its cryocooler is in region 3 in a warmer region of the spacecraft (see [[MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument)]] or [[James Webb Space Telescope]]).")
STUDY OF THE PRODUCTION AND BEHAVIOUR OF MATERIALS AT VERY LOW TEMPERATURES
Cryogen; Low temperature; Cryogenically; Low-temperature; Low temperature physics; Low-Temperature Phenomena; Cryogenation; Low Temperature; Cryotechnology; Cryogenic; Cyrogenic; Cyrogenics; Kryogenics; Low-temperature physics; Revival (life); Cryophysics; Low Temperature Physics; Cryogenic temperature; Low temperatures; Draft:Cryogenicist; Cryogenicist; Draft:Low Temperature Physicist
['kr???(?)d?(?)n]
¦ noun a substance used to produce very low temperatures.
cryogenics
STUDY OF THE PRODUCTION AND BEHAVIOUR OF MATERIALS AT VERY LOW TEMPERATURES
Cryogen; Low temperature; Cryogenically; Low-temperature; Low temperature physics; Low-Temperature Phenomena; Cryogenation; Low Temperature; Cryotechnology; Cryogenic; Cyrogenic; Cyrogenics; Kryogenics; Low-temperature physics; Revival (life); Cryophysics; Low Temperature Physics; Cryogenic temperature; Low temperatures; Draft:Cryogenicist; Cryogenicist; Draft:Low Temperature Physicist
Note: The form 'cryogenic' is used as a modifier.
Cryogenics is a branch of physics that studies what happens to things at extremely low temperatures.
N-PLURAL
cryogenics
STUDY OF THE PRODUCTION AND BEHAVIOUR OF MATERIALS AT VERY LOW TEMPERATURES
Cryogen; Low temperature; Cryogenically; Low-temperature; Low temperature physics; Low-Temperature Phenomena; Cryogenation; Low Temperature; Cryotechnology; Cryogenic; Cyrogenic; Cyrogenics; Kryogenics; Low-temperature physics; Revival (life); Cryophysics; Low Temperature Physics; Cryogenic temperature; Low temperatures; Draft:Cryogenicist; Cryogenicist; Draft:Low Temperature Physicist
[?kr???(?)'d??n?ks]
¦ plural noun [treated as sing.] the branch of physics concerned with the production and effects of very low temperatures.
?another term for cryonics.
Derivatives
cryogenic adjective
cryogenically adverb
Wikipedia
Dilution refrigerator
A 3He/4He dilution refrigerator is a cryogenic device that provides continuous cooling to temperatures as low as 2 mK, with no moving parts in the low-temperature region. The cooling power is provided by the heat of mixing of the helium-3 and helium-4 isotopes.
The dilution refrigerator was first proposed by Heinz London in the early 1950s, and was experimentally realized in 1964 in the Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium at Leiden University. The field of dilution refrigeration is reviewed by Zu et al.
